소아의 골반, 고관절, 대퇴골의 X-ray

1. Pelvis AP view

2. 3 Lines

3. Acetabular angle

The acetabular angle using Hilgenreiner's line should be less than 28 degrees at birth. 

The angle should become progressively shallower with age.

The normal range is 33 to 38 degrees. 

Angles above 47 degrees are seen in patients with acetabular dysplasia. 

A measurement between 39 and 46 degrees is indeterminate.

4. Pelvic development

Hip bone ossifies from 8 centres. 

At birth, the three primary centers are separate. 

7-8yrs, the inferior rami of the pubis and ischium are almost completely united by bone. 

Acetabulum achieve radiographic closure around age of 18 Iliac crests fuse in late 20’s. 

Greater trochanter fuses at around age 14. 

Femoral epiphysis fuses at around 14 for girls and 16 for boys.

5. Hip Frog legs view

6. Femur AP view

7. Femur Lateral view