소아 팔꿈치, 아래팔의 X-ray

* Paediatric Protocol : AP, Lateral

1. Elbow Lateral view

 

2. Elbow AP view

3. Elbow Oblique view

4. Elbow Ossification Centres

A useful mnemonic for remembering the order of the ossification centres is the CRITOL rule 

Capitellum 

Radial head 

Internal (medial epicondyle) 

Trochlea 

Olecranon 

Lateral epicondyle 

It is noteworthy that the ossification centres of the elbow do not always follow this order of ossification.

5. Approach to the Elbow X-ray

1. Obtain needed views 

2. Examine fat pad(Soft tissue) 

(1) Fat pad sign does not equal fracture 

(2) Fat pad sign does indicate in increased chance of a fracture 

3. Examine the radiographic lines(Alignment) 

4. Examine the individual bones(Bone & Cartilage)

-> On each of the views of the elbow, individual bones should be carefully examined for fracture which appear as cortical disruption or linear lucencies.

6. Forearm AP view

7. Forearm Lateral view(bent/straight arm)