Shoulder joint capsule의 anatomy

The joint capsule is made by a group of ligaments that connect the humerus to the socket of the shoulder joint. 

Three ligaments are the main source of stability for the shoulder, and help to keep the shoulder from dislocating(Coracohumeral ligament, Middle glenohumeral ligament, Inferior glenohumeral ligament).

1. Intracapsular structure

1) Labrum

① Glenoid에 붙어 있는 fibrocartilage로 glenoid surface area 증가, stability 강화 

② GHL의 fibrous attachment to the glenoid 

③ Glenohumoral joint is encased with thin, fibrous capsule.

2) Glenohumeral ligament : SGHL, MGHL, IGHL

① Anterior capsule thickening 

② Main static stabilizer

3) Biceps labral complex : Biceps long head는 superior labrum을 경유하여 Superior glenoid tubercle에 부착

2. Extracapsular structure

1) Coracohumeral ligament(Anterior band & Posterior band) 

① Rotator cuff interval에 놓여 있으며 joint capsule위를 덮고 있어 greater tubercle에서 supraspinatus tendon과 합쳐진다. 

② Superior glenohumoral lig. 바로 위에 있어서 shoulder의 superior and anterior area capsule을 enhancement 

③ Subscapular tendon과 함께 frozen shoulder에서 중요 

④ Biceps brachii의 stabilizing에 중요한 역할

2) Coracoacromial ligament 

① Coracoacromial arch 형성

② Impingement syndrome에 중요 역할 -> supraspinatus tendon outlet에 effect 

③ Superaspinatus tendon과 수직으로 놓여있다.